Cradle of Chinese cartooning -- Manhua's golden age -- Cartoons as wartime weapons, 1930s-1949 -- Liberation, Maoist campaigns, and cartoons, 1949-1976 -- Reform, modernization, market economy, and cartooning -- Animation : from hand-crafted experimentation to digitalization -- Conclusion -- Appendix: Interviews conducted by John A. Lent and/or Xu Ying